The Database Engine consists of a relational engine that processes queries and a storage engine that manages database files, pages, pages, index, etc. The core component of the SQL Server is the Database Engine. SQL Server consists of two main components: The following diagram illustrates the architecture of the SQL Server:

SQL Server 2017 became generally available in October 2016 that ran on both Windows and Linux. In 2016, Microsoft made it available on Linux. SQL Server works exclusively on Windows environment for more than 20 years.

SQL server is tied to Transact-SQL, or T-SQL, the Microsoft’s implementation of SQL that adds a set of proprietary programming constructs. Similar to other RDBMS software, SQL Server is built on top of SQL, a standard programming language for interacting with the relational databases. SQL Server is a relational database management system, or RDBMS, developed and marketed by Microsoft. The SQL Server 2014 Express release includes the full version of SQL Server 2014 Management Studio. The Express edition is free and ideal for learning, developing, powering desktop, web & small server applications. SQL Server Express 2014 is a powerful and reliable free data management system that delivers a rich and reliable data store for lightweight Web Sites and desktop applications. SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) is the main interface tool for SQL Server, and it supports both 32-bit and 64-bit environments. T-SQL is a Microsoft propriety Language known as Transact-SQL. It provides further capabilities of declaring variable, exception handling, stored procedure, etc. However, SQL Server comes with its own implementation of the SQL language, T-SQL (Transact-SQL). SQL Server supports ANSI SQL, which is the standard SQL (Structured Query Language) language. It is primarily designed and developed to compete with MySQL and Oracle database. SQL Server is a relational database management system (RDBMS) developed by Microsoft.

Sql server 2014 express advanced